mirror of
https://github.com/koverstreet/bcachefs-tools.git
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673 lines
19 KiB
Groff
673 lines
19 KiB
Groff
.Dd November 17, 2023
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.Dt BCACHEFS 8 SMM
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm bcachefs
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.Nd manage bcachefs filesystems/devices
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Ar command
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.Op Ar options
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.Op Ar arguments
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility supports the following subcommands,
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which are documented in detail below:
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.Ss Superblock commands
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic format
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Format one or a list of devices with bcachefs data structures.
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.It Ic show-super
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Dump superblock information to stdout.
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.It Ic set-option
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Set a filesystem option
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.El
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.Ss Mount commands
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic mount
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Mount a filesystem.
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.El
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.Ss Repair commands
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic fsck
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Check an existing filesystem for errors.
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.El
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.Ss Commands for managing a running filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic fs usage
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Show disk usage
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.El
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.Ss Commands for managing devices within a running filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width 22n -compact
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.It Ic device add
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Add a new device to an existing filesystem
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.It Ic device remove
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Remove a device from an existing filesystem
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.It Ic device online
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Re-add an existing member to a filesystem
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.It Ic device offline
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Take a device offline, without removing it
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.It Ic device evacuate
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Migrate data off of a specific device
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.It Ic device set-state
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Mark a device as failed
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.It Ic device resize
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Resize filesystem on a device
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.It Ic device resize-journal
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Resize journal on a device
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.El
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.Ss Commands for managing subvolumes and snapshots
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic subvolume create
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Create a new subvolume
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.It Ic subvolume delete
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Delete an existing subvolume
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.It Ic subvolume snapshot
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Create a snapshot
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.El
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.Ss Commands for managing filesystem data
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic data rereplicate
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Rereplicate degraded data
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.It Ic data job
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Kick off low level data jobs
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.El
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.Ss Commands for encryption
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic unlock
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Unlock an encrypted filesystem prior to running/mounting
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.It Ic set-passphrase
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Change passphrase on an existing (unmounted) filesystem
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.It Ic remove-passphrase
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Remove passphrase on an existing (unmounted) filesystem
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.El
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.Ss Commands for migration
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic migrate
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Migrate an existing filesystem to bcachefs, in place
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.It Ic migrate-superblock
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Add default superblock, after bcachefs migrate
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.El
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.Ss Commands for operating on files in a bcachefs filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic setattr
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Set various per file attributes
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.El
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.Ss Commands for debugging
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic dump
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Dump filesystem metadata to a qcow2 image
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.It Ic list
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List filesystem metadata in textual form
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.It Ic list_journal
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List contents of journal
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.El
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.Ss FUSE commands
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic fusemount Mount a filesystem via FUSE
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.El
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.Ss Miscellaneous commands
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.Bl -tag -width 18n -compact
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.It Ic version
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Display the version of the invoked bcachefs tool
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.It Ic completions
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Generate shell completions
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.El
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.Sh Superblock commands
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic format Oo Ar options Oc Ar devices\ ...
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Format one or a list of devices with bcachefs data structures.
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You need to do this before you create a volume.
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.Pp
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Device specific options must come before corresponding devices, e.g.
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.Dl bcachefs format --label=ssd /dev/sda --label=hdd /dev/sdb
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl -block_size Ns = Ns Ar size
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block size, in bytes (e.g. 4k)
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.It Fl -btree_node_size Ns = Ns Ar size
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Btree node size, default 256k
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.It Fl -errors Ns = Ns ( Cm continue | ro | panic )
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Action to take on filesystem error
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.It Fl -data_replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
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Number of data replicas
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.It Fl -metadata_replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
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Number of metadata replicas
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.It Fl -data_replicas_required Ns = Ns Ar number
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.It Fl -metadata_replicas_required Ns = Ns Ar number
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.It Fl -encoded_extent_max Ns = Ns Ar size
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Maximum size of checksummed/compressed extents
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.It Fl -metadata_checksum Ns = Ns ( Cm none | crc32c | crc64 | xxhash )
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Set metadata checksum type (default:
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.Cm crc32c ) .
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.It Fl -data_checksum Ns = Ns ( Cm none | crc32c | crc64 | xxhash )
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Set data checksum type (default:
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.Cm crc32c ) .
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.It Fl -compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
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Set compression type (default:
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.Cm none ) .
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.It Fl -background_compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
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.It Fl -str_hash Ns = Ns ( Cm crc32c | crc64 | siphash )
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Hash function for directory entries and xattrs
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.It Fl -metadata_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label for metadata writes
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.It Fl -foreground_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label for foreground writes
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.It Fl -background_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label to move data to in the background
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.It Fl -promote_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label to promote data to on read
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.It Fl -erasure_code
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Enable erasure coding (DO NOT USE YET)
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.It Fl -inodes_32bit
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Constrain inode numbers to 32 bits
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.It Fl -shared_inode_numbers
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Shared new inode numbers by CPU id
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.It Fl -inodes_use_key_cache
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Use the btree key cache for the inodes btree
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.It Fl -gc_reserve_percent Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Percentage of disk space to reserve for copygc
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.It Fl -gc_reserve_bytes Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Amount of disk space to reserve for copygc
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.sp
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This takes precedence over
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.Cm gc_reserve_percent
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if set
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.It Fl -root_reserve_percent Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Percentage of disk space to reserve for superuser
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.It Fl -wide_macs
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Store full 128bits of cryptographic MACS, instead of 80
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.It Fl -acl
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Enable POSIX acls
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.It Fl -usrquota
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Enable user quotas
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.It Fl -grpquota
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Enable group quotas
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.It Fl prjquota
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Enable project quotas
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.It Fl -journal_transaction_names
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Log transaction function names in journal
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.It Fl -nocow
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Nocow mode: Writes will be done in place when possible.
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.sp
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Snapshots and reflink will still caused writes to be COW.
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.sp
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This flag implicitly disables data checksumming, compression and
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encryption.
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.It Fl -replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
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Sets both data and metadata replicas
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.It Fl -encrypted
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Enable whole filesystem encryption (chacha20/poly1305);
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passphrase will be prompted for.
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.It Fl -no_passphrase
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Don't encrypt master encryption key
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.It Fl L , Fl -fs_label Ns = Ns Ar label
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Create the filesystem with the specified
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.Ar label
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.It Fl U , -uuid Ns = Ns Ar uuid
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Create the filesystem with the specified
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.Ar uuid
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.It Fl -superblock_size Ns = Ns Ar size
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.El
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.Pp
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Device specific options:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl -discard
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Enable discard/TRIM support
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.It Fl -fs_size Ns = Ns Ar size
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Create the filesystem using
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.Ar size
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bytes on the subsequent device.
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.It Fl -bucket Ns = Ns Ar size
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Specifies the bucket size;
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must be greater than the btree node size
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.It Fl -durability Ns = Ns Ar n
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Data written to this device will be considered
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to have already been replicated
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.Ar n
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times
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.It Fl l , Fl -label
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Disk label
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.It Fl f , Fl -force
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Force the filesystem to be created,
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even if the device already contains a filesystem.
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.It Fl q , Fl -quiet
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Only print errors
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.It Fl v , Fl -verbose
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Verbose filesystem initialization
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.El
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.It Nm Ic show-super Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
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Dump superblock information to stdout.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl f , Fl -fields Ns = Ns Ar fields
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List of sections to print
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.It Fl l , Fl -layout
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Print superblock layout
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.El
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.It Nm Ic set-option Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl -errors Ns = Ns ( Cm continue | ro | panic )
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Action to take on filesystem error
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.It Fl -metadata_replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
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Number of metadata replicas
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.It Fl -data_replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
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Number of data replicas
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.It Fl -metadata_replicas_required Ns = Ns Ar number
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.It Fl -data_replicas_required Ns = Ns Ar number
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.It Fl -metadata_checksum Ns = Ns ( Cm none | crc32c | crc64 | xxhash )
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Set metadata checksum type (default:
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.Cm crc32c ) .
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.It Fl -data_checksum Ns = Ns ( Cm none | crc32c | crc64 | xxhash )
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Set data checksum type (default:
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.Cm crc32c ) .
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.It Fl -compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
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Set compression type (default:
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.Cm none ) .
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.It Fl -background_compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
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.It Fl -str_hash Ns = Ns ( Cm crc32c | crc64 | siphash )
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Hash function for directory entries and xattrs
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.It Fl -metadata_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label for metadata writes
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.It Fl -foreground_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label for foreground writes
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.It Fl -background_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label to move data to in the background
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.It Fl -promote_target Ns = Ns Ar target
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Device or label to promote data to on read
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.It Fl -erasure_code
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Enable erasure coding (DO NOT USE YET)
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.It Fl -inodes_32bit
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Constrain inode numbers to 32 bits
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.It Fl -shared_inode_numbers
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Shared new inode numbers by CPU id
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.It Fl -inodes_use_key_cache
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Use the btree key cache for the inodes btree
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.It Fl -gc_reserve_percent Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Percentage of disk space to reserve for copygc
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.It Fl -gc_reserve_bytes Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Amount of disk space to reserve for copygc
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.sp
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This takes precedence over
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.Cm gc_reserve_percent
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if set
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.It Fl -root_reserve_percent Ns = Ns Ar percentage
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Percentage of disk space to reserve for superuser
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.It Fl -wide_macs
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Store full 128bits of cryptographic MACS, instead of 80
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.It Fl -acl
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Enable POSIX acls
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.It Fl -usrquota
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Enable user quotas
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.It Fl -grpquota
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Enable group quotas
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.It Fl -prjquota
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Enable project quotas
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.It Fl -degraded
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Allow mounting in degraded mode
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.It Fl -very_degraded
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Allow mounting in when data will be missing
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.It Fl -discard
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Enable discard/TRIM support
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.It Fl -verbose
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Extra debugging information during mount/recovery
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.It Fl -journal_flush_delay Ns = Ns Ar ms
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Delay in milliseconds before automatic journal commits
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.It Fl -journal_flush_disabled
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Disable journal flush on sync/fsync
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.sp
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If enabled, writes can be lost, but only since the
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last journal write (default 1 second)
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.It Fl -journal_reclaim_delay Ns = Ns Ar ms
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Delay in milliseconds before automatic journal reclaim
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.It Fl -move_bytes_in_flight Ns = Ns Ar bytes
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Maximum Amount of IO to keep in flight by the move path
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.It Fl -move_ios_in_flight Ns = Ns Ar number
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Maximum number of IOs to keep in flight by the move path
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.It Fl -fsck
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Run fsck on mount
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.It Fl -fix_errors Ns = Ns Ar error
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Fix errors during fsck without asking
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.It Fl -ratelimit_errors
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Ratelimit error messages during fsck
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.It Fl -nochanges
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Super read only mode - no writes at all will be issued,
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even if we have to replay the journal
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.It Fl -norecovery
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Don't replay the journal
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.It Fl -journal_transaction_names
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Log transaction function names in journal
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.It Fl -noexcl
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Don't open device in exclusive mode
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.It Fl -direct_io
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Use O_DIRECT (userspace only)
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.It Fl -sb Ns = Ns Ar offset
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Sector offset of superblock
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.It Fl -reconstruct_alloc
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Reconstruct alloc btree
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.It Fl -version_upgrade Ns = Ns ( Cm compatible | incompatible | none )
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Set superblock to latest version, allowing any new features
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to be used
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.It Fl -nocow
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Nocow mode: Writes will be done in place when possible.
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.sp
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Snapshots and reflink will still caused writes to be COW.
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.sp
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This flag implicitly disables data checksumming, compression and
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encryption.
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.It Fl -nocow_enabled
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Enable nocow mode: enables runtime locking in data
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move path needed if nocow will ever be in use
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.It Fl -no_data_io
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Skip submit_bio() for data reads and writes,
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for performance testing purposes
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.El
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.El
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.Sh Mount commands
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic mount Oo Ar options Oc Ar device mountpoint
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Mount a filesystem. The
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.Ar device
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can be a device, a colon-separated list of devices, or UUID=<UUID>. The
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.Ar mountpoint
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is the path where the filesystem should be mounted. If not set, then the filesystem won't actually be mounted
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but all steps preceding mounting the filesystem (e.g. asking for passphrase) will still be performed.
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.Pp the options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl o Ar options
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Mount options provided as a comma-separated list. See user guide for complete list.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
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.It Cm degraded
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Allow mounting with data degraded
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.It Cm verbose
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Extra debugging info during mount/recovery
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.It Cm fsck
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Run fsck during mount
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.It Cm fix_errors
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Fix errors without asking during fsck
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.It Cm read_only
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Mount in read only mode
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.It Cm version_upgrade
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.El
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.It Fl k , Fl -key-location Ns = Ns ( Cm fail | wait | ask )
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Where the password would be loaded from. (default:
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.Cm ask ) .
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.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
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.It Cm fail
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don't ask for password, fail if filesystem is encrypted.
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.It Cm wait
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wait for password to become available before mounting.
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.It Cm ask
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prompt the user for password.
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.El
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.It Fl c , Fl -colorize Ns = Ns ( Cm true | false )
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Force color on/off. Default: auto-detect TTY
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose. Can be specified more than once.
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.El
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.El
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.Sh Repair commands
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic fsck Oo Ar options Oc Ar devices\ ...
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Check an existing filesystem for errors.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl p
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Automatic repair (no questions)
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.It Fl n
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Don't repair, only check for errors
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.It Fl y
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Assume "yes" to all questions
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.It Fl f
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Force checking even if filesystem is marked clean
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.It Fl r , Fl -ratelimit_errors
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Don't display more than 10 errors of a given type
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.It Fl R , Fl -reconstruct_alloc
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Reconstruct the alloc btree
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.It Fl v
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Be verbose
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.El
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.El
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.Sh Commands for managing a running filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic fs Ic usage Oo Ar options Oc Op Ar filesystem
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Show disk usage.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl h , Fl -human-readable
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Print human readable sizes.
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.El
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.El
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.Sh Commands for managing devices within a running filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic device Ic add Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
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Add a device to an existing filesystem.
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl -fs_size Ns = Ns Ar size
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Size of filesystem on device
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.It Fl -bucket Ns = Ns Ar size
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Set bucket size
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.It Fl -discard
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Enable discards
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.It Fl l , Fl -label Ns = Ns Ar label
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Disk label
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.It Fl f , Fl -force
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Use device even if it appears to already be formatted
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.El
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.It Nm Ic device Ic remove Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
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Remove a device from a filesystem
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl f , Fl -force
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Force removal, even if some data couldn't be migrated
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.It Fl F , Fl -force-metadata
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Force removal, even if some metadata couldn't be migrated
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.El
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.It Nm Ic device Ic online Ar device
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Re-add a device to a running filesystem
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.It Nm Ic device Ic offline Ar device
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Take a device offline, without removing it
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl f , Fl -force
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Force, if data redundancy will be degraded
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.El
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.It Nm Ic device Ic evacuate Ar device
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Move data off of a given device
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.It Nm Ic device Ic set-state Oo Ar options Oc Ar new-state Ar device
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Ar new-state Ns = Ns ( Ar rw | ro | failed | spare )
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.It Fl f , Fl -force
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Force, if data redundancy will be degraded
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.It Fl -force-if-data-lost
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Force, if data will be lost
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.It Fl o , Fl -offline
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Set state of an offline device
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.El
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.It Nm Ic device Ic resize Ar device Op Ar size
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Resize filesystem on a device
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.It Nm Ic device Ic resize-journal Ar device Op Ar size
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Resize journal on a device
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.El
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.Sh Commands for managing subvolumes and snapshots
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Ic subvolume create Oo Ar options Oc Ar path
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Create a new subvolume
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.It Ic subvolume delete Oo Ar options Oc Ar path
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Delete an existing subvolume
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.It Ic subvolume snapshot Oo Ar options Oc Ar source dest
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Create a snapshot of
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.Ar source
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at
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.Ar dest .
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If specified,
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.Ar source
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must be a subvolume;
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if not specified the snapshot will be of the subvolume containing
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.Ar dest .
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl r
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Make snapshot read-only
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.El
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.El
|
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.Sh Commands for managing filesystem data
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Nm Ic data Ic rereplicate Ar filesystem
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|
Walks existing data in a filesystem,
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|
writing additional copies of any degraded data.
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.It Nm Ic data Ic job Ar job filesystem
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Kick off a data job and report progress
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.sp
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.Ar job
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is one of (
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.Cm scrub | rereplicate | migrate | rewrite_old_nodes
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|
)
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl b Ar btree
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|
Btree to operate on
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|
.It Fl s Ar inode Ns Cm \&: Ns Ar offset
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|
Start position
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.It Fl e Ar inode Ns Cm \&: Ns Ar offset
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End position
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh Commands for encryption
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|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic unlock Ar device
|
|
Unlock an encrypted filesystem prior to running/mounting.
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|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
Check if a device is encrypted
|
|
.It Fl k Ns = Ns ( Cm session | user | user_session )
|
|
Keyring to add to (default:
|
|
.Cm user )
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Nm Ic set-passphrase Ar devices\ ...
|
|
Change passphrase on an existing (unmounted) filesystem.
|
|
.It Nm Ic remove-passphrase Ar devices\ ...
|
|
Remove passphrase on an existing (unmounted) filesystem.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh Commands for migration
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic migrate Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
|
|
Migrate an existing filesystem to bcachefs
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl f Ar fs
|
|
Root of filesystem to migrate
|
|
.It Fl -encrypted
|
|
Enable whole filesystem encryption (chacha20/poly1305)
|
|
.It Fl -no_passphrase
|
|
Don't encrypt master encryption key
|
|
.It Fl F
|
|
Force, even if metadata file already exists
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Nm Ic migrate-superblock Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
|
|
Create default superblock after migrating
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl d Ar device
|
|
Device to create superblock for
|
|
.It Fl o Ar offset
|
|
Offset of existing superblock
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh Commands for operating on files in a bcachefs filesystem
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic setattr Oo Ar options Oc Ar devices\ ...
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl -data_replicas Ns = Ns Ar number
|
|
Number of data replicas
|
|
.It Fl -data_checksum Ns = Ns ( Cm none | crc32c | crc64 | xxhash )
|
|
Set data checksum type (default:
|
|
.Cm crc32c ) .
|
|
.It Fl -compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
|
|
Set compression type (default:
|
|
.Cm none ) .
|
|
.It Fl -background_compression Ns = Ns ( Cm none | lz4 | gzip | zstd )
|
|
|
|
.It Fl -metadata_target Ns = Ns Ar target
|
|
Device or label for metadata writes
|
|
.It Fl -foreground_target Ns = Ns Ar target
|
|
Device or label for foreground writes
|
|
.It Fl -background_target Ns = Ns Ar target
|
|
Device or label to move data to in the background
|
|
.It Fl -promote_target Ns = Ns Ar target
|
|
Device or label to promote data to on read
|
|
.It Fl -erasure_code
|
|
Enable erasure coding (DO NOT USE YET)
|
|
.It Fl -project
|
|
|
|
.It Fl -nocow
|
|
Nocow mode: Writes will be done in place when possible.
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh Commands for debugging
|
|
These commands work on offline, unmounted filesystems.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic dump Oo Ar options Oc Ar device
|
|
Dump filesystem metadata
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl o Ar output
|
|
Required flag: Output qcow2 image(s)
|
|
.It Fl f , Fl -force
|
|
Force; overwrite when needed
|
|
.It Fl -nojournal
|
|
Don't dump entire journal, just dirty entries
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Nm Ic list Oo Ar options Oc Ar devices\ ...
|
|
List filesystem metadata to stdout
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl b ( Cm extents | inodes | dirents | xattrs )
|
|
Btree to list from. (default:
|
|
.Cm extents)
|
|
.It Fl l , Fl -level
|
|
Btree depth to descend to. (
|
|
.Cm 0
|
|
== leaves; default:
|
|
.Cm 0)
|
|
.It Fl s Ar inode Ns Cm \&: Ns Ar offset
|
|
Start position to list from
|
|
.It Fl e Ar inode Ns Cm \&: Ns Ar offset
|
|
End position
|
|
.It Fl m , Fl -mode ( Cm keys | formats | nodes | nodes-ondisk )
|
|
(default:
|
|
.Cm keys)
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
Check (fsck) the filesystem first
|
|
.It Fl c , Fl -colorize Ns = Ns ( Cm true | false )
|
|
Force color on/off. Default: auto-detect TTY
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Verbose mode
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Nm Ic list_journal Oo Ar options Oc Ar devices\ ...
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl a
|
|
Read entire journal, not just dirty entries
|
|
.It Fl n , Fl -nr-entries Ns = Ns Ar nr
|
|
Number of journal entries to print, starting from the most recent
|
|
.It Fl t , Fl -transaction-filter Ns = Ns Ar bbpos
|
|
Filter transactions not updating
|
|
.Ar bbpos
|
|
.It Fl k , Fl -key-filter Ns = Ns Ar btree
|
|
Filter keys not updating
|
|
.Ar btree
|
|
.It Fl v , Fl -verbose
|
|
Verbose mode
|
|
.El
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FUSE commands
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic fusemount
|
|
Mount a filesystem via FUSE
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh Miscellaneous commands
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Nm Ic completions Ar shell
|
|
Generate shell completions
|
|
.It Nm Ic version
|
|
Display the version of the invoked bcachefs tool
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXIT STATUS
|
|
.Ex -std
|